A team of researchers from Munich, led by Brigitta Bernhardt, for the first time could combine the technology of pump-probe spectroscopy with the use of an inert gas krypton. This gave them the opportunity to know which part of the light is absorbed by the sample over time, and to understand how much and which kind of ions appeared at that time. Thus, Bernhardt and her colleagues shed light on ultrafast ionization processes with an accuracy that has been impossible till present time.

Researchers have learned to control the laser impulse and exert an external influence on the dynamics of the reaction. 

This development can also be used to create new, faster computer chips based on ionization of silicon, which will be a big step forward in the development of modern technologies.